Red Beans (Adzuki)

Red beans (adzuki, pat) are one of the most symbolically important foods in Korean culture, believed since ancient times to possess the power to ward off evil spirits. The Donguibogam classifies red beans as neutral in nature and sweet-sour in flavor, noting they benefit the heart and small intestine, promote urination, and reduce swelling. On the winter solstice (dongji), Koreans traditionally eat patjuk (red bean porridge) — its red color is believed to drive away malevolent spirits and welcome the returning sunlight. This custom stretches back at least to the Goryeo Dynasty. Red beans also fill the beloved bungeoppang (fish-shaped bread) and appear in countless tteok (rice cakes), connecting everyday snacking to deep cultural tradition.